what are the different node js npm install options

what is the difference between

 npm install express 
 npm install -g express

if you can also point me to a link which explains these options it will be very useful

See https://npmjs.org/doc/npm.html

npm has two modes of operation:

global mode: npm installs packages into the install prefix at prefix/lib/node_modules and bins are installed in prefix/bin.

local mode: npm installs packages into the current project directory, which defaults to the current working directory. Packages are installed to ./node_modules, and bins are installed to ./node_modules/.bin. Local mode is the default.

Use --global or -g on any command to operate in global mode instead.

The Google search phrase I used was:

npm options "-g"